Anthropology Course Listings

Lower Division Courses

7. Human Evolution. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Required as preparation for both bachelor's degrees. Evolutionary processes and evolutionary past of human species. P/NP or letter grading.

8. Archaeology: Introduction. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour; one field trip. Required as preparation for both bachelor's degrees. General survey of field and laboratory methods, theory, and major findings of anthropological archaeology, including case-study guest lectures presented by several campus archaeologists. P/NP or letter grading.

9. Culture and Society. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour; fieldwork. Required as preparation for both bachelor's degrees. Introduction to study of culture and society in comparative perspective. Examples from societies around the world to illustrate basic principles of formation, structure, and distribution of human institutions. Of special concern is the contribution and knowledge that cultural diversity makes toward understanding the problems of the modern world. P/NP or letter grading.

12. Principles of Human Evolution: Comparative Analysis. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Human population biology in conceptual framework of evolutionary processes. Emphasis on comparative primate behavior, structural anatomy, and fossil record. P/NP or letter grading.

33. Culture and Communication. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Required as preparation for both bachelor's degrees. Introduction to study of communication from anthropological perspective. Formal linguistic methods compared with ethnographically oriented methods focused on context-bound temporal unfolding of communicative activities. Topics include language in everyday life and ritual events, socialization, literacy, multilingualism, miscommunication, political discourse, and art-making as cultural activity. P/NP or letter grading.

34. Introduction to Urban Speech Communities. (4)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Introduction to study of speech communities in metropolitan areas, with special focus on communities in Los Angeles. Emphasis on ways in which communities share and incorporate speech norms of urban society while maintaining rules for conduct and interpretation of speech within specific speech communities. Topics include language and identity, socialization, social dialects, and communication. P/NP or letter grading.

88A. Sophomore Seminars: Anthropology. (2)  (Formerly numbered 88.) Seminar, 90 minutes. Limited to 20 lower division students Readings and discussions designed to introduce students to current research in discipline. May be repeated for credit with topic change. P/NP or letter grading.

Upper Division Courses

Archaeology

110P. Principles of Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8. Intended for students interested in conceptual structure of scientific archaeology. Archaeological method and theory with emphasis on what archaeologists do and how and why they do it. Consideration of field strategies, stratigraphy, chronological frameworks, and other crucial principles of archaeological analysis and interpretation. P/NP or letter grading.

111. Theory of Anthropological Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8. Method and theory with emphasis on archaeology within context of anthropology. Themes include theoretical developments over last 50 years, structure of archaeological reasoning, and selective survey of work on problems of general anthropological interest. P/NP or letter grading.

112. Old Stone Age Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8. Development of Paleolithic cultural traditions in Europe, Africa, Asia, and New World. Emphasis on ordering and interpretation of archaeological data, Pleistocene geology and chronology, and relationship between human cultural and biological evolution. P/NP or letter grading.

113P. Archaeology of North America. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Prehistory of North American Indians; evolution of Indian societies from earliest times to (and including) contemporary Indians; approaches and methods of American archaeology. P/NP or letter grading.

113Q. Prehistory and Ethnography of California. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8 or 9. From earliest Californians through 10,000 years of history, study of diversity in California's original peoples. Aspects of technology, ideology, ecology, and social/political organization. Historic impacts on California Indians by Euro-Americans. P/NP or letter grading.

113R. Southwestern Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Examination of prehistory of American Southwest from 11,000 years ago to historic times. Emphasis on describing and explaining cultural variation and change, employing an evolutionary perspective. Special attention to advent of farming and settled towns, large-scale interactive networks, abandonment of Four Corners area, and historic cultures. P/NP or letter grading.

114L. Archaeology of Chiefdoms. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Enforced requisite: course 8. Examination of chiefdom societies in anthropological record, with readings focused on theory and data from archaeological, historical, and ethnographic literature. Illustration of how people in ranked non-state societies created remarkably rich cultures over entire globe beginning several millennia ago in both Old World and Americas. Letter grading.

114P. Ancient Civilizations of Mesoamerica. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Archaeology of pre-Hispanic native cultures of Mesoamerica from late Pleistocene through Spanish conquest, with emphasis on formative sociopolitical developments, classic period civilizations, and Aztec society as revealed by archaeology and early Spanish writing. P/NP or letter grading.

114Q. Topics in Archaeology of Mesoamerica. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Specialized consideration of particular regions or topics in archaeology of pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica. Specific topics vary but include archaeology and ethnohistory, ancient Mesoamerican religions, Olmec art and archaeology, and the Maya. P/NP or letter grading.

114R. Ancient Civilizations of Andean South America. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8 or 9. Pre-Hispanic and Conquest period native cultures of Andean South America, as revealed by archaeology and early Spanish writing. Incas and their predecessors in Peru, with emphasis on sociopolitical systems, economic patterns, religion, and aesthetic and intellectual achievements. P/NP or letter grading.

C114S. Comparative Study of Ancient States. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Comparative anthropological study of first complex societies in the Near East, Mesoamerica, and the Andes, including early Egyptian, Uruk, Teotihuacan, classic Maya, Wari, and Tiwanaku, with focus on political and economic structures of these societies and on causes of state development and collapse. Concurrently scheduled with course CM214S. P/NP or letter grading.

114T. Moche Civilization of Ancient Peru. (4)  Lecture/demonstration, three hours. Requisite: course 114R. Moche civilization, which flourished on north coast of Peru between A.D. 100 and 800, as revealed by archaeology, iconography, ethnography, and early Spanish writing. Emphasis on Moche aesthetic, technology, and artistic achievements. Letter grading.

M115A-M115B. Historical Archaeology. (4)  (Same as History M102A-M102B.) Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Designed for juniors/seniors. P/NP or letter grading. M115A. World Perspective. Historical archaeology requires appreciation of historical sources, archaeology, and material culture. Thematic emphasis, with exploration of breadth of discipline both in Old World and Americas. M115B. American Perspective. Emphasis on historical archaeology in North America, particularly to some practical applications.

115P. Archaeological Field Training. (6 or 13)  Lecture, two to three hours; fieldwork, to be arranged (nine hours minimum for 6 units, 50 hours minimum for 13 units). Requisite: course 8. Off-campus field archaeology course offered in either regular session or summer. Procedures of archaeological excavation, recording, mapping, surveying, and initial analysis of archaeological data. P/NP or letter grading.

C115R. Strategy of Archaeology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Introduction to problem formulation, theory, and method in archaeology, with emphasis on development of research designs. Focus on how archaeological research is conceived and planned, with consideration of differing viewpoints and their usefulness. Concurrently scheduled with course C215R. Letter grading.

116. Archaeology of South Asia. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Archaeology of Harappan, early historic, and medieval periods in Indian subcontinent. Investigation of large-scale social movements such as Buddhism, as well as consideration of how past is interpreted in present. P/NP or letter grading.

117. Archaeological Laboratory Methods. (6)  Lecture, three hours; laboratory, two to three hours. Requisite: course 8. Introduction to archaeological analysis of range of prehistoric cultural materials. Procedures of classification, analysis, data entry. Extensive laboratory work with lithic artifacts, vertebrate fauna, shellfish, plant remains, bone and shell tools, ceramics. P/NP or letter grading.

117P. Selected Laboratory Topics in Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8. How archaeological research is furthered by specialized analysis of particular classes of cultural remains. Topics may include animal bones, plants, ceramics, rock art. Hands-on experience working with collections and data. May be repeated for credit with topic change. P/NP or letter grading.

117Q. Intensive Laboratory Training in Archaeology. (6)  Lecture, three hours; laboratory, three hours. Requisite: course 8. Archaeologists with special expertise in specific analytical techniques and topics oversee intensive laboratory training on one of following topics: zooarchaeology, ethnobotany, lithic analysis, ceramic analysis, etc. May be repeated for credit with topic change. P/NP or letter grading.

118. Selected Topics in Archaeology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in archaeology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit with topic change. P/NP or letter grading.

M119. Topics in African History: Prehistoric Africa -- Technological and Cultural Traditions. (4)  (Same as History M164A.) Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Preparation: one prior course in African history at UCLA. Designed for juniors/seniors. Survey of nondocumentary sources of early African history, with emphasis on archaeological evidence from origins of humanity until A.D. 1600. P/NP or letter grading.

119P. Cities Past and Present. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 8 or 9. Examination of ancient and modern cities to evaluate how urban form developed and continues to thrive as human social phenomenon. Contemporary observations compared with archaeological case studies, including South America, Asia, Africa, and ancient Near East. Letter grading.

Biological Anthropology

120. Survey of Biological Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 7. Limited to majors and graduate anthropology students. Survey of biological anthropology including all major subareas. (Core course for biological field.) P/NP or letter grading.

121A. Primate Fossil Record. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 7 or 12. Introduction to method and theory in paleoanthropology. Primate evolution, Cretaceous through the Miocene. May be taken independently for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

121B. Australopithecines. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 7 or 12. Morphology, ecology, and behavior of the genus Australopithecus. History of their discoveries and their place in human evolution. May be taken independently for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

121C. Evolution of Genus Homo. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 7 or 12. Origin and evolution of the genus Homo, including archaic sapiens and Neanderthals. Morphology, ecology, and behavior of these groups. Course ends with appearance of modern man. May be taken independently for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

121P. Reconstructing Hominid Behavior and Paleoecology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Use of paleontological, archaeological, ecological, and geological evidence to infer late Pliocene and early Pleistocene hominid behavior and environmental context of human evolution. P/NP or letter grading.

121Q. Paleoanthropology in Review. (6)  Lecture, three hours; seminar, three hours. Corequisite: course 12. Limited to juniors/seniors. Designed for advanced students with interest in human evolution, fossil evidence, and theoretical constructs. Students attend course 12 lectures, plus three-hour seminar per week. P/NP or letter grading.

122P. Human Osteology. (4)  Lecture, three hours; laboratory, four hours. Examination of human skeletal and muscular systems, concerned with both form and function. Students expected to recognize important anatomical landmarks on human skeleton, identify fragmentary bones, and know origins, insertions, and action of major muscles. How to sex and age skeletons and introduction to paleopathology. Letter grading.

124. Evolution and Biology of Human Behavior. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Recommended requisite: course 7 or Life Sciences 1. Survey of research based on evolutionary psychology and human behavioral ecology. Review of relevant theory. Emphasis on empirical tests of evolutionary theories about human cooperation, social exchange, aggression, kinship, mate choice, marriage, and parental behavior. P/NP or letter grading.

124P. Evolution of Human Sexual Behavior. (4)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Recommended requisite: course 7 or 12. Examination of human sexual relations and social behavior from evolutionary perspective. Emphasis on theories and evidence for differences between men and women in their patterns of growth, maturation, fertility, mortality, parenting, and relations with members of opposite sex. Letter grading.

126. Selected Topics in Biological Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in biological anthropology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit with topic change. P/NP or letter grading.

M127. Animal Communication. (5)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL CM127 and Communication Studies M127.) Lecture, four hours. Designed for Anthropology, Applied Linguistics, and Communication Studies majors. Evolution, functions, design, and diversity of animal communication systems such as bird song, dolphin calls, whale song, primate social signals, and human language. Letter grading.

127P. Primate Evolution. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Survey of primate paleontological and evolutionary record, encompassing prosimians, New and Old World monkeys, and hominoids. Attendant aspects of paleoecology and behavior. P/NP or letter grading.

128A. Primate Behavior Nonhuman to Human. (4)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Designed for juniors/seniors. Review of primate behavior as known from laboratory and field studies. Theoretical issues of animal behavior, with special reference to nonhuman primates. Discussion of human behavior as the product of such evolutionary processes. P/NP or letter grading.

128B. Behavioral Ecology of Primates. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 128A. Analysis of evolution of sociality, sexual strategies, parenting behavior, fighting and contests, and altruism and cooperation in primate species. Letter grading.

129Q. Paleopathology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Evidence of disease and trauma, as preserved in skeletal remains of ancient and modern human populations. Discussions of medical procedures (trepanation), health status, ethnic mutilation (cranial deformation, footbinding), cannibalism, and sacrifice and roles such activities have played in human societies. Letter grading.

Cultural Anthropology

130. Study of Culture. (4)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Requisite: course 9. Designed for juniors/seniors. The 20th-century elaboration and development of the concept of culture. Examination of five major paradigms: culture as a human capacity, as patterns and products of behavior, as systems of meaning and cognition, as generative structure and semiotic system, as a component in social action and reality construction. (Core course for cultural field.) P/NP or letter grading.

131. Culture: What Makes It All Work. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Preparation: two lower division social sciences courses (may be from different departments). Examination of some basic questions addressed by anthropologists in their study of what is meant by culture. Consideration of theories of culture and evolutionary origins of culture. Review of new analytic methods that allow students to begin to do quasi-experimental research into nature of culture and introduction to multiagent simulation as framework for modeling how culture can be both supra-organic and embedded in minds of culture bearers. P/NP or letter grading.

133P. Visual Anthropology: Documentary Photography. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Photographs in anthropology serve many purposes: as primary data, illustrations of words in books, documentation for disappearing cultures, evidence of fieldwork, material objects for museum exhibitions, and even works of art. Topics include relationships between subject and treatment of image, between art photography and ethnographic documentation, role of museum photograph and caption, social practice of taking pictures, and case study on photographing Middle East and North Africa. P/NP or letter grading.

133Q. Symbolic Systems. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Analysis of anthropological research and theory on cultural systems of thought, behavior, and communication expressed in symbolic mode (as distinguished from discursive, instrumental, and causal modes). Methods for study of symbolic meaning, including experiential approach. P/NP or letter grading.

133R. Aesthetic Systems. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for juniors/seniors. Provides framework for cross-cultural understanding of aesthetic phenomena that meets requirements of anthropological research. Human capacities for aesthetic experience; sociocultural formation of aesthetic production; ethno-aesthetics; experiential dimension of aesthetic production. Letter grading.

133S. Ethnomathematics and Anthropology of Numeration. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Counting systems such as one, two, three, many or modern equivalent of one, two, three, infinity are widespread in human societies. Counting things is important part of everyday life. But indigenous thinking goes far beyond pragmatics of counting, and conceptual systems underlying counting are integrated with concepts people have about themselves and their societies. Numeracy is product of social life and not just reflection of one's experience with physical world. Exploration of different ways that indigenous mathematical thinking is embedded in human societies and cultures, ranging from use of fractals in African art to algebra of kinship terminologies to cosmological systems formulated around concepts of numbers. P/NP or letter grading.

M134. Cultural Construction of Gender and Sexuality: Homosexualities. (4)  (Same as Honors Collegium M129 and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies M134.) Seminar, three hours. Comparative analysis of role of environment, history, and culture in structuring of patterns of same-sex erotic behavior in Asia, Africa, Middle East, Pacific, Caribbean, and aboriginal America. P/NP or letter grading.

135A-135B. Introduction to Psychological Anthropology. (4-5)  P/NP or letter grading:  135A. Historical Development. (4) Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Survey of field of psychological anthropology, with emphasis on early foundations and historical development of field. Topics include study of personality, pathology and deviance, altered states of consciousness, cognition, motivation, and emotion in different cultural settings. P/NP or letter grading.  135B. Current Topics and Research. (5) Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Designed for juniors/seniors. Survey of field of psychological anthropology, with emphasis on current topics and research. Topics include study of personality, pathology and deviance, altered states of consciousness, cognition, motivation, and emotion in different cultural settings. P/NP or letter grading.

135C. Seminar: Psychocultural Studies. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Firsthand exposure to current research in psychocultural studies. Various university scholars are brought in to discuss their on-going research. Using these presentations as models, students develop proposals for future research. P/NP or letter grading.

135S. Anthropology of Deviance and Abnormality. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Relationship between culture and recognition of, responses toward, and forms of deviant and abnormal behavior. Letter grading.

135T. Psychoanalysis and Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Exploration of mutual relations between anthropology and psychoanalysis, considering both theory and method. History of and current developments in psychoanalysis; anthropological critiques of psychoanalytic theory and method, toward cross-cultural psychoanalytic approach. Letter grading.

136Q. Laboratory for Naturalistic Observations: Developing Skills and Techniques. (4)  Laboratory, three hours. Skill of observing and recording behavior in natural settings, with emphasis on field training and practice in observing behavior. Group and individual projects. Discussion of some of uses of observations and their implications for research in social sciences. P/NP or letter grading.

137. Selected Topics in Cultural Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in cultural anthropology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

139. Field Methods in Cultural Anthropology. (5)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Designed for juniors/seniors. Introduction to skills and tools of data ascertainment through fieldwork in cultural anthropology. Emphasis on techniques, methods, and concepts of ethnographical research and how basic observational information is systematized for presentation, analysis, and cross-cultural comparison. Letter grading.

Linguistic Anthropology

M140. Language in Culture. (5)  (Same as Linguistics M146.) Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour; fieldwork, two hours. Requisite: course 33 or Linguistics 20. Study of language as an aspect of culture; relation of habitual thought and behavior to language; and language and the classification of experience. Holistic approach to study of language, with emphasis on relationship of linguistic anthropology to fields of biological, cultural, and social anthropology, as well as archaeology. (Core course for linguistics field.) P/NP or letter grading.

141. Ethnography of Everyday Speech. (5)  Lecture, three hours; fieldwork. Requisite: course 33. Designed for juniors/seniors. Course has two interrelated objectives: (1) to introduce students to ethnography of communication -- description and analysis of situated communicative behavior -- and sociocultural knowledge which it reflects and (2) to train students to recognize, describe, and analyze relevant linguistic, proxemic, and kinesic aspects of face-to-face interaction. Letter grading.

142A-142B. Microethnography of Communication. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course M140. Course 142A or Sociology M124A is requisite to 142B. Students make primary records (sound tape, videotape, or film) of naturally occurring social interactions which are analyzed in class for interactive tasks, resources, and accomplishments displayed. Laboratory and fieldwork outside of class and minimal fees to offset costs of equipment maintenance and insurance required. P/NP or letter grading.

M142R. Culture of Jazz Aesthetics. (4)  (Same as Ethnomusicology M130 and World Arts and Cultures M136.) Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9 or 33 or Ethnomusicology 20A or 20B or 20C or World Arts and Cultures 20. Aesthetics of jazz from point of view of musicians who shaped jazz as art form in the 20th century. Listening to and interacting with professional jazz musicians who answer questions and give musical demonstrations. Analytical resources and historical knowledge of musicians and ethnomusicologists combined with those interested in jazz as cultural tradition. P/NP or letter grading.

143. Field Methods in Linguistic Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course M140. Practice in eliciting linguistic data from informants. Initial focus on phonetic transcription and phonological structures; introduction to skills and strategies pertinent to morphological, syntactic, and textual analysis. Practice with native speakers of non-Indo-European languages is normally an important aspect of student participation. P/NP or letter grading.

C144. Native American Languages and Cultures. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33 or American Indian Studies M10. Introduction and comparative analysis of sociocultural aspects of language use in Native North American Indian speech communities. Specific foci include both micro- and macro-sociolinguistic topics. Micro-sociolinguistic topics are comprised of such issues as multilingualism, cultural differences regarding appropriate communicative behavior and variation within speech communities (e.g., male and female speech, baby talk, ceremonial speech, etc.). Macro-sociolinguistic considerations include language contact and its relationship to language change and language in American Indian education. Concurrently scheduled with course C243P. P/NP or letter grading.

M145. Afro-American Sociolinguistics: Black English. (4)  (Same as Afro-American Studies M166.) Lecture, three hours. Basic information on Black American English, an important minority dialect in the U.S. Social implications of minority dialects examined from perspectives of their genesis, maintenance, and social functions. General problems and issues in fields of sociolinguistics examined through a case-study approach. Letter grading.

146. Language and Culture of Polynesia: Past, Present, and Future. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33. Introduction to Polynesian cultures and languages, with particular emphasis on past and present sociocultural systems, patterns of language structure and language use, verbal art, language socialization strategies, and forms of cultural assimilation and resistance to European contact. Fieldwork on contemporary Polynesian cultures in U.S. urban areas. Letter grading.

147. Selected Topics in Linguistic Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in linguistic anthropology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

M148. Talk and the Body. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M161 and Communication Studies M123.) Seminar, four hours. Relationship between language and human body raises host of interesting topics. New approaches to phenomena such as embodiment become possible when body is analyzed, not as isolated entity, but as visible agent whose talk and action are lodged within both processes of human interaction and rich settings where people pursue courses of action that count in their lives. Letter grading.

149A. Language and Identity. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33. Language as social phenomenon. Introduction to several angles from which language use can be critically examined as integral to interactions between individuals and between social groups. Letter grading.

149B. Gender and Language in Society. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33. Examination of role language plays in social construction of gender identities and ways in which gender impacts language use and ideologies. Letter grading.

149C. Multilingualism: Communities and Histories in Contact. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33. Examination of communicative, political, and poetic aspects of use of two or more languages (multilingualism) by individuals and by groups. Broader themes in social theory, anthropological inquiry, sociolinguistics, and literary studies in lectures to contextualize class readings. Letter grading.

149D. Language, Culture, and Education. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 33. Examination of various ways in which culture, and language in particular, influence not only educational processes and outcomes, but also the very conceptions of what normal development processes and desirable educational outcomes are. Letter grading.

M149E. Language Socialization. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M125.) Seminar, four hours. Exploration of process of socialization through language, and socialization to use language across life span, across communities of practice within a single society, and across different ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Examination of ways in which verbal interaction between novices and experts is structured linguistically and culturally. Letter grading.

Social Anthropology

150. Study of Social Systems. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Introduction to more specialized social anthropology courses. Evaluation of variation in sociocultural systems and how societies are organized and social relations maintained. Basic frameworks of anthropological analysis; historical context and development of social anthropology discipline. Letter grading.

M151. Marriage, Family, and Kinship. (4)  (Same as Women's Studies M151.) Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Examination of understandings of kinship in cross-cultural perspective and impact of kinship on interpersonal relationships, gender roles, and sociocultural systems. Readings from popular materials and formal ethnographic accounts. P/NP or letter grading.

152. Politics: Tribe, State, Nation. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Cross-cultural examination of politics and political organization. Law and maintenance of order; corporate groups; ideology. Relations of political institutions to other institutions of society and to issues of identity and representation. Letter grading.

153. Evolution of Human Societies. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Review of economic and ecological approaches to studying organization of production and exchange. Economic life viewed from three perspectives: adaptation, decision making, and social structure. Comparative theories discussed in context of ethnographic evidence from a wide variety of cultural systems. P/NP or letter grading.

153P. Economic Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Introduction to anthropological perspectives for interpretation of economic life and institutions. Economic facts to be placed in their larger social, political, and cultural contexts; examination of modes of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in their relation to social networks, power structures, and institutions of family, kinship, and class. P/NP or letter grading.

M154P. Gender Systems: North America. (4)  (Same as Women's Studies M154P.) Lecture, three hours. Recommended preparation: prior anthropology or women's studies courses. Designed for junior/senior social sciences majors. Comparative study of women's lives and gender systems in North American cultures from anthropological perspective. Critical review of relevant theoretical and practical issues using ethnography, case study, and presentations. P/NP or letter grading.

M154Q. Gender Systems: Global. (4)  (Same as Women's Studies M154Q.) Lecture, three hours. Recommended preparation: prior anthropology or women's studies courses. Designed for junior/senior social sciences majors. Comparative study of gender systems globally from anthropological perspective. Outline of material conditions of women's lives in world -- gender division of labor, relationship of gender to state, and colonialism and resistance movements. P/NP or letter grading.

M155. Women's Voices: Their Critique of Anthropology of Japan. (4)  (Same as Women's Studies M155.) Lecture, three hours. Preparation: introductory sociocultural anthropology course. Anthropology of Japan has long viewed Japan as homogeneous whole. Restoration of diversity and contradiction in it by listening to voices of Japanese women in various historical contexts. P/NP or letter grading.

M155Q. Women and Social Movements. (4)  (Same as Women's Studies M155Q.) Lecture/discussion, three hours. Recommended preparation: prior women's studies or anthropology courses. Comparative studies of social movements (e.g., nationalist, socialist, liberal/reform), beginning with Russia and China and including Cuba, Algeria, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Nicaragua, and Iran. Analysis of women's participation in social transformations and the centrality of gender interests. P/NP or letter grading.

156. Comparative Religion. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Survey of various methodologies in comparative study of religious ideologies and action systems, including understanding particular religions through descriptive and structural approaches, and identification of social and psychological factors which may account for variation in religious systems cross-culturally. P/NP or letter grading.

157. Selected Topics in Social Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in social anthropology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

158. Hunting and Gathering Societies. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Survey of hunting and gathering societies. Examination of their distinctive features from both ecological and cultural viewpoints. Discussion of possibility of developing general framework for synthesizing these two viewpoints. Use of this synthesis as basis for illustrating relevance of hunting and gathering societies as understanding of complex societies. P/NP or letter grading.

158P. Pastoral Nomads. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9 or 150. Survey of pastoral nomad societies. Consideration of environmental and social demands of livestock domestication and production. Focus on ecological features, cultural practices, and social organization, with special attention to historical interactions between pastoral nomads and settled peoples. Letter grading.

M158Q. Past Societies and Their Lessons for Our Own Future. (5)  (Same as Geography M153 and Honors Collegium M152.) Lecture, two hours; discussion, two hours. Examination of modern and past tribal and band societies (Amazonian Indians, Kalahari bushmen, and others) that met varying fates, as background to examination of how modern state societies are coping or failing to cope with similar issues. P/NP or letter grading.

159. Warfare and Conflict. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Examination of conflict and violent confrontation as these have been treated in anthropological literature. Cross-cultural comparison of institutions such as raids, feuds, ritual warfare. Consideration of application of anthropology to study of militaries, modern warfare, and large-scale ethnic conflict. Letter grading.

M159P. Constructing Race. (4)  (Same as Afro-American Studies M159P and Asian American Studies M169.) Lecture, three hours. Examination of race, a socially constructed category, from anthropological perspective. Consideration of development of racial categories over time and in different regions, racial passing, multiracial identity in the U.S., whiteness, race in popular culture, and race and identity. P/NP or letter grading.

Applied Anthropology

161. Development Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 9. Designed for juniors/seniors. Comparative study of planned and unplanned development, in particular as it affects rural societies. Emphasis on impact of capital, technological change and gender differences, economic differentiation and class, urban/rural relations, and migration. Discussion of theoretical issues in light of case studies. P/NP or letter grading.

163. Selected Topics in Applied Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Study of selected topics in applied anthropology. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit. P/NP or letter grading.

M164. Afro-American Experience in the U.S. (4)  (Same as Afro-American Studies M164.) Lecture, three hours. Promotes understanding of contemporary sociocultural forms among Afro-Americans in the U.S. by presenting a comparative and diachronic perspective on the Afro-American experience in the New World. Emphasis on utilization of anthropological concepts and methods in understanding the origins and maintenance of particular patterns of adaptation among black Americans. P/NP or letter grading.

167. Urban Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Designed for junior/senior social sciences majors. Introduction to modern industrial cities and urban life. Examination of notion of urban space in context of social relations by drawing from historical and cross-cultural urban ethnographies. Urban space is created according to needs of capital and actions of urban subjects. Exploration of ways in which class, gender, race, and geography shape or contest perspectives and priorities on urban issues. P/NP or letter grading.

M168. Culture, Illness, and Healing. (4)  (Same as Nursing M158.) Lecture, four hours. Medical anthropology is organized around holistic exploration of ways in which health, illness, and medical practices are socially and culturally mediated. Topics include comparing illness experiences, understandings about health and illness, patterns of care seeking, therapeutic practices, and medical systems in context of different social and cultural settings, including our own. P/NP or letter grading.

CM168P. Perspectives on Health of Native North Americans. (4)  (Same as American Indian Studies CM168P.) Seminar, three hours. Recommended preparation: some knowledge of medical anthropology and/or history and contemporary situation of first peoples of North America. Examination of different perspectives related to health and healthcare of Native North Americans (within present boundaries of the U.S. and Canada) in relation to cultural, social, political, and economic aspects of changing historical context. Concurrently scheduled with course CM268P. P/NP or letter grading.

C169R. Repatriation of Native American Human Remains and Cultural Objects. (4)  Lecture, two hours; discussion, one hour. Native Americans have recently been successful in obtaining passage of federal and state laws repatriating human remains and cultural objects to them. Examination of this phenomenon. Concurrently scheduled with course C269R. Letter grading.

Regional Cultures

Graduate Courses

200. Proseminar: Practice of Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Required of new graduate students. Discussion of anthropology as four-field discipline and interconnections among four major fields. Practice of anthropology as exemplified through faculty presentations of how research is conceived, formulated, and executed. Students develop individual research proposals. Letter grading.

200P. Cultural Anthropology Field Preparation. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Requisite: course 200. Follows course 200 as field preparation for summer research for cultural anthropologists. Students develop specific research methods and present them in seminar. Practical issues (visas, community entry, health concerns) also addressed. S/U grading.

M201A-M201B. Graduate Core Seminars: Archaeology. (6-6)  (Same as Archaeology M201A-M201B.) Seminar, three hours. Course M201A is required of anthropology students in archaeology field. Seminar discussions based on carefully selected list of 30 to 40 major archaeology works. These core seminars provide students with foundation in breadth of knowledge required of a professional archaeologist. Archaeological historiography, survey of world archaeology, and archaeological techniques. Emphasis on appreciation of multidisciplinary background of modern archaeology and relevant interpretative strategies. May be repeated for credit with consent of adviser. S/U or letter grading.

202. Biological Anthropology Colloquium. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Selected topics on status of current research in biological anthropology. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

203A-203B-203C. Core Seminars: Sociocultural Anthropology. (4-4-4)  Seminar, three hours. Letter grading:  203A. Historical and Philosophical Foundations of Anthropology. (4) Seminar, three hours. Preparation: two courses from 130, 135A, 150. Examination of the theoretical writings that shaped foundations of anthropology as a scholarly discipline. Consideration of writings of Durkheim, Weber, Marx, and others. Letter grading.  203B. Sociocultural Systems and Ethnography: Anthropology at Mid-Century. (4) Seminar, three hours. Recommended requisite: course 203A. Examination of development of major schools of sociocultural thought during middle decades of the 20th century. Emphasis on formation of sociocultural theories, concepts, and methodologies found in contemporary anthropology. Letter grading.  203C. Scientific and Interpretive Frameworks in Contemporary Anthropology. (4) Seminar, three hours. Recommended requisite: course 203B. Examination of selected contemporary works and issues in the field of sociocultural anthropology. Letter grading.

204. Core Seminar: Linguistic Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Theoretical and methodological foundations of study of language structure and language use from a sociocultural perspective. Discussion of linguistic, philosophical, psychological, and anthropological contributions to understanding of verbal communication as a social activity embedded in culture. S/U or letter grading.

Archaeology

210. Analytical Methods in Archaeological Studies. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Preparation: one term of statistics. Data analysis procedures in archaeology. Emphasis on conceptual framework for analysis of archaeological data, beginning at level of the attribute and ending at level of the region. S/U or letter grading.

212P. Selected Topics in Hunter/Gatherer Archaeology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Prehistory and ethnohistory of hunter/gatherer peoples. Consideration of range of issues, including (but not limited to) technological innovations, exchange systems, settlement and mobility, and social change. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

M212S. Selected Laboratory Topics in Archaeology. (4)  (Same as Archaeology M205A.) Lecture, three hours. Designed for graduate students in archaeology or in other departments. Specialized analysis of particular classes of cultural remains. Topic may be one of following: zooarchaeology, paleoethnobotany, ceramics, lithic analysis, rock art. Laboratory experience with collections and data. May be repeated for credit with topic change. S/U or letter grading.

M212T. Intensive Laboratory Training in Archaeology. (6)  (Same as Archaeology M205B.) Lecture, three hours; laboratory, two hours minimum. Advanced laboratory training for graduate students with extended laboratory hours. Special laboratory-based topics, including but not limited to lithic analysis, ceramic analysis, zooarchaeology, and paleoethnobotany. May be repeated for credit with topic change. S/U or letter grading.

213. Selected Topics in Old World Archaeology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

214. Selected Topics in Prehistoric Civilizations of the New World. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations normally constitute major focus of seminar. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

CM214S. Comparative Study of Ancient States. (4)  (Same as Archaeology M214.) Lecture, three hours. Comparative anthropological study of first complex societies in the Near East, Mesoamerica, and the Andes, including early Egyptian, Uruk, Teotihuacan, classic Maya, Wari, and Tiwanaku, with focus on political and economic structures of these societies and on causes of state development and collapse. Concurrently scheduled with course C114S. S/U or letter grading.

215. Field Training in Archaeology. (6 or 12)  Lecture, two to three hours; fieldwork, eight or more hours (6 units) or 50 or more hours (12 units). Off-campus field archaeology course offered in regular session or summer. Intensive training in archaeological excavation, mapping, surveying, recording, preliminary analysis of field data, and project organization/supervision. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

C215R. Strategy of Archaeology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Introduction to problem formulation, theory, and method in archaeology, with emphasis on development of research designs. Focus on how archaeological research is conceived and planned, with consideration of differing viewpoints and their usefulness. Concurrently scheduled with course C115R. Complete research proposal required of graduate students. Letter grading.

M216. Topics in Asian Archaeology. (4)  (Same as Art History M262A.) Lecture, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Topics may include identification of ethnic groups in archaeology, archaeology of religion, archaeological reflections of commerce and trade and their influence on social development, archaeology of language dispersal, cultural contact and nature of cultural "influence." Letter grading.

217. Explanation of Societal Change. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Examination of processes of societal evolution, emphasizing usefulness of a variety of explanatory models from general systems theory, ecology, anthropology, and other sources. Specific research questions vary with each course offering. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

217A. Archaeology of Urbanism. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Evaluation of cities as most complex form of human population center, using both archaeological and modern examples. Observations about material culture and space enable assessment of social dynamics as cities are constructed and lived in by variety of different ethnic, economic, ritual, and political groups. Letter grading.

218. Style and Ethnicity. (4)  Seminar, three hours. How stylistic variation in material culture informs on and mediates the shape, boundaries, and interrelations of ethnic groups. Aimed primarily toward archaeologists and ethnographers, seminar also welcomes students specifically interested in either material culture or style as such. Letter grading.

219. Complex Hunters/Gatherers in Theoretical Perspective. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Examination of economic, political, and social foundations of complex hunter/gatherer societies, with focus on theory of emergence of complex cultural organization and recognition of complex middle-range societies in the archaeological record. S/U or letter grading.

Biological Anthropology

220. Current Problems in Biological Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Detailed examination of current research in biological anthropology (specific topics to be announced). Emphasis on nature of hypotheses and their testing in ongoing student and faculty research. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

221A-221B. Fossil Evidence for Human Evolution. (4-4)  Seminar, four hours. Examination and analysis of fossil evidence for man's evolution. S/U or letter grading.

222. Graduate Core Seminar: Biological Anthropology in Review. (6)  (Formerly numbered 120G.) Seminar, three hours. Enforced corequisite: attendance, but not enrollment, in course 7 lecture. Required of all graduate anthropology students who need foundational background in biological anthropology. Seminar discussion based on basic evolutionary principles, behavior of nonhuman primates, hominid evolutionary history, and contemporary human variation. Letter grading.

Cultural Anthropology

230P. Practice Theory and Beyond. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Requisites: courses 203A, 203B, 203C. Background in classic social theory -- Marx, Weber, Durkheim -- assumed. Designed for graduate anthropology students. Basic texts in practice theory by Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddents. Series of upgrades on basic practice theory framework, with greater attention to issues of power and need to historicize anthropological work, and new perspectives on concept of culture. S/U or letter grading.

230Q. Theories of Culture. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Exploration of aspects within culture theory: emergence of culture with modes of production, discovery of culture, and "cultural capital" and cultural change. Investigation of production of culture and transformations of meaning within cultural domains of politics, economy, and religion. S/U or letter grading.

231. Asian Americans: Personality and Identity. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Effect of class, caste, and race on the Asian American personality within the framework of anthropological theories. S/U or letter grading.

232V. Current Issues in Ethnography. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. S/U or letter grading.

233P. Symbolic Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Requisite: course 133R. Nature of symbolic relations (as distinguished from other referential ones), significance of symbolic systems (in terms of action, cognition, affectivity, contemplation), symbolic and isomorphic logic (as opposed to the causal one) are among questions to be selected for analysis and discussion. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

233Q. Aesthetic Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 133R. Selected questions concerning visual aesthetic phenomena in their relationships with the sociocultural context examined in depth. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

234. Seminar: Psychocultural Studies and Medical Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Devoted to present state of research in psychocultural studies. Survey of work in child development and socialization, personality, psychobiology, transcultural psychiatry, deviance, learning, perception, cognition, and psychocultural perspectives on change. S/U or letter grading.

M234P. Transcultural Psychiatry. (4)  (Same as Psychiatry M222.) Lecture, three hours. Consideration of psychiatric topics in cross-cultural perspective, such as studies of drug use, deviance, suicide, homicide, behavioral disorders, "culture specific" syndromes, non-Western psychiatries, and questions of "sick" societies. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

M234Q. Psychological Anthropology. (4)  (Same as Psychiatry M272.) Lecture, three hours. Various psychological issues in anthropology, both theoretical and methodological. Areas of interest include such things as culture and theory, culture and personality, and culture psychiatry. Discussion of questions relating to symbolic and unconsciousness process as they relate to culture. Topics vary from term to term. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

234R. Culture, Cognition, and Being in the World. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Whether and how culture and thought shape each other is a historically enduring and controversial topic. Focus on work challenging prevailing implicit acceptance of theoretical separation between study of mind and study of culture. S/U or letter grading.

M234T. Anthropology of Human Body. (2 to 4)  (Same as Psychiatry M282.) Seminar, three hours. Exploration of how sociocultural and political dynamics shape perceptions of and understandings about the human body, and how, reciprocally, those perceptions and understandings influence social processes. Includes materials from both non-Western and Western societies. Letter grading.

M235. The Individual in Culture. (4)  (Same as Psychiatry M213.) Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Letter grading.

M236P. Cross-Cultural Studies of Socialization and Children. (4)  (Same as Psychiatry M214.) Lecture, three hours. Selected topics in cross-cultural study of socialization and child training. Methods, ethnographic data, and theoretical orientations. Emphasis on current research. S/U or letter grading.

M238. Native American Revitalization Movements. (4)  (Same as History M260C.) Lecture, two hours; discussion, one hour. Examination of revitalization movements among native peoples of North America (north of Mexico). Specific revitalization includes Handsome Lake, 1870 and 1890 Ghost Dances, and Peyote Religion. Letter grading.

239P. Selected Topics in Field Ethnography. (4 to 8)  Seminar, three hours. Discussion and practicum in various techniques for collecting and analyzing ethnographic field data. S/U or letter grading.

Linguistic Anthropology

M240. Social Foundations of Language. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M206.) Seminar, four hours. Requisite: Linguistics 20. Basic grounding in sociolinguistic theory and methodology. Introduction to current issues in study of tested behavior, including varied ways scholars visualize relation between language and social context. S/U or letter grading.

M241. Topics in Linguistic Anthropology. (4)  (Same as Linguistics M246C.) Lecture, three hours. Problems in relations of language, culture, and society. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

M242. Ethnography of Communication. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M207.) Lecture, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Seminar devoted to examining representative scholarship from fields of sociolinguistics and ethnography of communication. Particular attention to theoretical developments including relationship of ethnography of communication to such disciplines as anthropology, linguistics, and sociology. Topical foci include style and strategy, speech variation, varieties of noncasual speech genres, languages and ethnicity, and nonverbal communication behavior. S/U or letter grading.

243A. Language Ideologies: Political Economy of Language Beliefs and Practices. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Language ideological research problematizes fundamental assumptions about speakers' use of language and communicative practices: (1) speakers' awareness of these structures and processes and (2) relationship of this consciousness to speakers' political economic perspectives and to actual communicative conduct. Letter grading.

C243P. Native American Languages and Cultures. (4)  Lecture, three hours; seminar, two hours. Preparation: prior coursework in either anthropology, linguistics, or American Indian studies. Introduction and comparative analysis of sociocultural aspects of language use in Native North American Indian speech communities. Specific foci include both micro- and macro-sociolinguistic topics. Micro-sociolinguistic topics are comprised of such issues as multilingualism, cultural differences regarding appropriate communicative behavior and variation within speech communities (e.g., male and female speech, baby talk, ceremonial speech, etc.). Macro-sociolinguistic considerations include language contact and its relationship to language change and language in American Indian education. Concurrently scheduled with course C144. S/U or letter grading.

M243Q. Afro-American Sociolinguistics: Black English. (4)  (Same as Afro-American Studies M200D.) Lecture, three hours. Basic information on Black American English, an important minority dialect in the U.S. Social implications of minority dialects examined from perspectives of their genesis, maintenance, and social functions. General problems and issues in fields of sociolinguistics examined through a case study approach. Students required to conduct research in consultation with instructor and participate in group discussion. S/U or letter grading.

244. Field Methods in Linguistic Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours; work with informant, one hour. Requisite: Linguistics 20 or prior experience in linguistic analysis. Practice in eliciting and transcribing linguistic data from native informants. Initial focus on phonetic transcription and phonological structures; introduction to skills and strategies pertinent to morphological, syntactic, and pragmatic analysis. Practice with native speakers of non-Indo-European languages is important aspect of student participation. S/U or letter grading.

245. Linguistic and Intracultural Variation. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Problem of variation as it impinges on disciplines of anthropology and linguistics. Among objectives of course are the following: to acknowledge importance of speech variation in anthropological linguistics research, to critically assess a broad and representative sample of modern scholarship devoted to study of intra-individual and interindividual variation, and to evaluate utility and potential applicability of recent linguistic models to anthropological linguistics and anthropological theory. Letter grading.

M246A. Grammar and Discourse. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M272.) Seminar, four hours. Requisite: Applied Linguistics and TESL C201. Survey of grammar- and discourse-based approaches to study of language as meaningful form. Topics include grammatical and indexical categories, referential and social indexicality, relation of syntax to semantics and pragmatics, markedness, universals, cultural and cognitive implications of language structure and use. S/U or letter grading.

M246B. Grammar and Discourse Practicum. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M273.) Seminar, four hours. Requisite: course M246A. Survey of advanced topics in grammar and discourse, including predicates, arguments and grammatical relations, noun phrase categories, case marking, verbal categories, topic marking devices, registers and speech varieties, reported speech, genre and text structure in discourse. Presentation and analysis of data from range of languages. S/U or letter grading.

M247. Topics in Semantics and Pragmatics. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M266.) Seminar, four hours. Requisite: Applied Linguistics and TESL C201. Detailed examination of specialized topics in semantics and pragmatics. Topics vary from year to year and may include metaphor, theories of reference and denotation, honorific speech, evidentiality, reported speech, etc. May be repeated for credit with topic change. Letter grading.

M248. Language Socialization. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M224.) Seminar, four hours. Requisite: Applied Linguistics and TESL M206. Exploration of process of socialization through language and socialization to use language across the life span, across communities of practice within a single society, and across different ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Ways in which verbal interaction between novices and experts is structured linguistically and culturally. S/U or letter grading.

M249A-M249B. Ethnographic Methods in Discourse Analysis I, II. (4-4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M270A-M270B.) Seminar, four hours. Two-term sequence on ethnographic approaches to recording and analyzing communicative events and practices in their sociocultural context, involving student-initiated fieldwork in a community setting. Emphasis on hands-on activities within theoretical frameworks that consider language as a social and cultural practice. M249A. Requisite: course M242 or Applied Linguistics and TESL 260 or Sociology C244A. Devoted to skills related to collecting socially and culturally meaningful data. Letter grading. M249B. Requisite: course M249A. Devoted to production of ethnographic analysis, including how to present an analysis in form of a conference talk and how to develop an analysis into a grant or dissertation proposal. S/U or letter grading.

M249P. Ethnographic Technologies Laboratory I. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M270P.) Laboratory, four hours. Corequisite: course M249A or Applied Linguistics and TESL M270A. Hands-on mentorship in entering a community, obtaining informed consent, interviewing, note taking, and videorecording verbal interaction. S/U grading.

M249Q. Ethnographic Technologies Laboratory II. (4)  (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M270Q.) Laboratory, four hours. Corequisite: course M249B or Applied Linguistics and TESL M270B. Hands-on mentorship in editing ethnographic video footage, incorporating video frame grabs into transcript and analysis of verbal interaction, writing a grant proposal, and assembling a conference presentation. S/U grading.

Social Anthropology

250. Selected Topics in Social Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Intensive examination of current theoretical views and literature. S/U or letter grading.

251P. Cultural Ecology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

252P. Comparative Systems of Social Inequality. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Examination in historical and contemporary perspective of particular systems of structured social inequality based on rank, class, caste, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual preference, disability, etc., to develop a unified theory of social inequality. Examples from Asian, Pacific, European, African, and American cultures. S/U or letter grading.

252Q. Anthropology of Resistance. (4)  Lecture, one hour; discussion, two hours. Preparation: at least one upper division sociocultural anthropology course. Exploration of recent works in anthropology and other disciplines which address practice and resistance, as part of an effort to understand processes that have shaped modern and postcolonial society and culture. Letter grading.

M252S. Constructing Race. (4)  (Same as Afro-American Studies M252S.) Seminar, three hours. Examination of social construction of race from anthropological perspective in order to refine understanding of ways this category has had and continues to have concrete impact in the U.S. Exploration of range of topics, including role discipline of anthropology has played in construction of race, representations of race in popular culture, instability of race revealed in passing and debates about multiracial identity, construction of whiteness, and emergence of identity politics. S/U or letter grading.

253. Economic Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

254. Kinship. (4)  Lecture, three hours. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

255. Comparative Political Institutions. (4)  Lecture, three hours. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

255P. Political Economy. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate anthropology students. Introduction to range of approaches anthropologists have used to analyze political economy of capitalism in relation to issues of nation and state building, race, colonialism, and transnationalism. S/U or letter grading.

256. Anthropology of Conflict. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Open to undergraduates with consent of instructor. Examination of events and institutions associated with large-scale or ongoing conflict in a variety of settings. Particular consideration to roots of violence, violent manifestations and cross-cultural misunderstandings, and nature and content of armed confrontation. S/U or letter grading.

257. Space, Place, and Identity. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Recent rise of "space/place" in humanities and social sciences seems to relate to crisis of modernity in global capitalism. Designed to explore this theoretical theme and to provide useful methodologies to students of anthropology and history who are trying to ground their research in specific places. S/U or letter grading.

258. Work, Gender, and Race. (4)  Seminar, three hours; fieldwork, three hours. Limited to graduate students. Impact of expansion of corporate globalization and neoliberalism on the U.S. has been to create shift from economy and occupational structure based on manufacturing to one based on services. Shift has been accompanied by increasing polarization of jobs by class, with stratospheric compensation at top and poverty-level wages at bottom, with loss of middle-income jobs, leaving the U.S. as society increasingly split between rich and poor. Examination of these changes and how they affect nature of work and career opportunities of workers in the U.S. by gender, race, ethnicity, and immigration status. S/U or letter grading.

Applied Anthropology

260. Urban Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Requisite: course 167. Intensive anthropological examination of urban setting as human environment. S/U or letter grading.

261Q. Issues in Applied Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Use of seminar format to explore selected domestic and international problems from applied anthropological perspective. Consideration of history of applied anthropology, ethics, and careers strategies. S/U or letter grading.

M263P. Gender Systems. (4)  (Formerly numbered 263P.) (Same as Women's Studies M263P.) Seminar, three hours. Current theoretical developments in understanding gender systems cross-culturally, with emphasis on relationship between systems of gender, economy, ideational systems, and social inequality. Selection of ethnographic cases from recent literature. S/U or letter grading.

M263Q. Advanced Seminar: Medical Anthropology. (2 to 4)  (Same as Community Health Sciences M244, Nursing M273, and Psychiatry M273.) Seminar, three hours. Limited to 15 students. Examination of interrelationships between society, culture, ecology, health, and illness. Bases for written critical analysis and class discussion provided through key theoretical works. S/U or letter grading.

M264. Latin America: Traditional Medicine, Shamanism, and Folk Illness. (4)  (Same as Community Health Sciences M264 and Latin American Studies M264.) Lecture, three hours. Recommended preparation: Community Health Sciences 132, bilingual English/Spanish skills. Examination of role of traditional medicine and shamanism in Latin America and exploration of how indigenous and mestizo groups diagnose and treat folk illness and Western-defined diseases with a variety of health-seeking methods. Examination of art, music, and ritual and case examples of religion and healing practices via lecture, film, and audiotape. Letter grading.

M265. Anthropology of Genetic Knowledge. (2 to 4)  (Same as Psychiatry M283.) Seminar, three hours. Exploration of how sociocultural and political dynamics shape our understandings of genetic discoveries and how genetic information is used to create conceptions of the self and society. Letter grading.

M266. Health and Culture in Americas. (4)  (Same as Community Health Sciences M260 and Latin American Studies M260.) Lecture, three hours. Recommended requisite: Community Health Sciences 132. Health issues throughout Americas, especially indigenous/Mestizo Latin American populations. Holistic approach covering politics, economics, history, geography, human rights, maternal/child health, culture. Letter grading.

CM268P. Perspectives on Health of Native North Americans. (4)  (Same as American Indian Studies CM268P.) Seminar, three hours. Recommended preparation: some knowledge of medical anthropology and/or history and contemporary situation of first peoples of North America. Examination of different perspectives related to health and healthcare of Native North Americans (within present boundaries of the U.S. and Canada) in relation to cultural, social, political, and economic aspects of changing historical context. Concurrently scheduled with course CM168P. S/U or letter grading.

M269. Contemporary Issues of American Indians. (4)  (Same as American Indian Studies M200C and Sociology M275.) Seminar, three hours. Introduction to most important issues facing American Indians as individuals, communities, tribes, and organizations in contemporary world, building on historical background presented in American Indian Studies M200A and cultural and expressive experience of American Indians presented in American Indian Studies M200B. Letter grading.

M269P. Politics of Reproduction. (2 to 4)  (Same as Psychiatry M280.) Seminar, three hours. Examination of various ways that power, as it is structured and enacted in everyday activities, shapes human reproductive behavior. Case materials from diverse cultures illuminate how competing interests within households, communities, states, and institutions influence reproductive arrangements in society. Letter grading.

C269R. Repatriation of Native American Human Remains and Cultural Objects. (4)  Lecture, two hours; discussion, one hour. Native Americans have recently been successful in obtaining passage of federal and state laws repatriating human remains and cultural objects to them. Examination of this phenomenon. Concurrently scheduled with course C169R. Letter grading.

Regional Cultures

271. Contemporary Problems in Africa. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Problematic issues in Africa in light of classical anthropological literature and recent work by anthropologists and other fieldworkers in Africa, with cases from eastern and southern Africa. S/U or letter grading.

M272. Indians of South America. (4)  (Same as Latin American Studies M250A.) Lecture, three hours. Survey of literature and research topics related to Indian cultures of South America. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

273. Cultures of Middle East. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Survey of literature and problems of various cultures of Middle East. S/U or letter grading.

M276. Japan in Age of Empire. (4)  (Same as Asian M292 and History M286.) Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Since the late 19th century, Japan expanded its empire into East and Southeast Asia. Coverage of that period and array of anthropological studies conducted in Japan's colonies and occupied areas in this hardly explored area of study of colonialism. S/U or letter grading.

277. Anthropology of China. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Survey of selected literature and current developments in field of Chinese social-cultural anthropology. Main topics include family and kinship, interpersonal relations, social differences, local elite and the state, rituals and beliefs, popular culture, consumerism, and cultural globalization. S/U or letter grading.

History, Theory, and Method

281. Selected Topics in History of Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Particular problems in history of anthropology as dictated by interests of students and faculty. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

282. Research Design in Cultural Anthropology. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Primarily designed for graduate students preparing for fieldwork. Unique position of anthropology among the sciences and resulting problems for scientific research design. Review of typical research problems and appropriate methods. Students prepare their own research designs and present them for class discussion. S/U or letter grading.

283. Formal Methods of Data Analysis in Anthropology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Current topics and issues related to formal analysis of data and representation of cultural constructs: formal models of kinship terminologies, structural models of cognitive systems, graph theoretic models of networks, models of decision making, hierarchical information systems, stability in complex adaptive systems. S/U or letter grading.

M284. Qualitative Research Methodology. (4)  (Same as Community Health Sciences M216.) Discussion, three hours; laboratory, one hour. Intensive seminar/field course in qualitative research methodology. Emphasis on using qualitative methods and techniques in research and evaluation related to healthcare. Letter grading.

284P. Anthropological Methods and Data Analysis. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Limited to graduate students. Recommended preparation: research design course. Hands-on approach to qualitative methods used in anthropological research and techniques for analysis of qualitative data. Particular methods depend on and are appropriate to research questions and designs students bring to class. S/U or letter grading.

285. Schools, Domains, and Strategies in World Archaeology. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Comparative examination of schools of world archaeology, contrasting their respective databases, research strategies, and relations to allied intellectual disciplines. Archaeologists from all departments are welcome, as are students interested in history or philosophy of science. Letter grading.

285P. Selected Topics in Anthropological/Archaeological Theory. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Variable topics course on important theoretical subjects in anthropological archaeology. Topics include early village societies, specialization and cultural complexity, ethnography for archaeologists, power and hierarchy in intermediate societies, materialist/idealist debates, urbanism, and exchange systems. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

286P. Selected Topics in Computer Simulation and Modeling. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Requisite: course 180. Applications of computer simulations and/or models to specific problem areas of interest to anthropologists. Problem areas rotate with each offering and include cognitive ecological, demographic evolutionary, and other theoretical foci. S/U or letter grading.

287. Poststructural Theories. (4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Examination of development and application of poststructural theories in anthropology by exploring interdisciplinary connections, especially as they concern the concept of culture, narrative, ethnographic writing, reflexivity, politics of representation, historicity, and study of the self, identity, and the body. S/U or letter grading.

287P. Anthropology and Colonialism. (4)  Lecture, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Exploration of multifaceted nature of colonialism and its cultural manifestations in a variety of geographical areas. Reconsideration of history of anthropology for, as Talal Asad argues, "anthropology emerged as a distinctive discipline at the beginning of the colonial era." S/U or letter grading.

M287Q. Native American Historical Demography. (4)  (Same as History M260D.) Lecture, two hours; discussion, one hour. Examination of population history of Native Americans north of Mexico prior to and following contacts with Europeans, Africans, and others, circa 1492. Emphasis on number of American Indians and other Native Americans, their decline following European contact, and their recent resurgence. Letter grading.

292. Making Oral Presentations. (4)  Lecture/student presentations, two hours; discussion, one hour. Designed for graduate students. How to organize and present seminar reports, papers at scholarly conferences, and lectures to professional audiences. Opportunity for students to develop their speaking skills through actual practice in workshop atmosphere of mutual support and constructive criticism. S/U grading.

M293. Culture, Brain, and Development Forum. (1)  (Formerly numbered 293.) (Same as Applied Linguistics and TESL M232, Education M285, Neuroscience M293, and Psychology M248.) Seminar, 90 minutes every other week. Interdisciplinary seminar series to provide students with exposure to current research in understanding complex relationship between culture, brain, and development. S/U grading.

294. Human Complex Systems Forum. (1)  Seminar, 90 minutes every other week. Interdisciplinary seminar series to provide students with exposure to current research in understanding nature of human societies from complexity and multiagent perspective. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.

297. Selected Topics in Anthropology. (2 to 4)  Seminar, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Study of selected topics of anthropological interest. Consult Schedule of Classes for topics and instructors. May be repeated for credit. S/U or letter grading.

Special Studies

375. Teaching Apprentice Practicum. (1 to 4)  Seminar, to be arranged. Preparation: apprentice personnel employment as teaching assistant, associate, or fellow. Teaching apprenticeship under active guidance and supervision of regular faculty member responsible for curriculum and instruction at UCLA. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.

495. Teaching Anthropology. (2 to 4)  Seminar/workshop, three hours. Designed for graduate students. Required of all new teaching assistants. Workshop/seminar in teaching techniques, including evaluation of each student's own performance as a teaching assistant. Four-day workshop precedes beginning of term, followed by 10-week seminar during term designed to deal with problems and techniques of teaching anthropology. Unit credit may be applied toward full-time equivalence but not toward nine-course requirement for M.A. S/U grading.

501. Cooperative Program. (2 to 8)  Tutorial, to be arranged. Preparation: consent of UCLA adviser and graduate dean, and host campus instructor, department chair, and graduate dean. Used to record enrollment of UCLA students in courses taken under cooperative arrangements with USC. S/U grading.

596. Individual Studies for Graduate Students. (2 to 8)  Tutorial, to be arranged. Directed individual studies. S/U or letter grading.

597. Preparation for Ph.D. Qualifying Examinations. (2 to 12)  Tutorial, to be arranged. S/U grading.

598. Research for and Preparation of M.A. Thesis. (2 to 8)  Tutorial, to be arranged. Preparation of research data and writing of M.A. thesis. S/U grading.

599. Research for Ph.D. Dissertation. (2 to 12)  Tutorial, to be arranged. Ph.D. dissertation research or writing. Students must have completed qualifying examinations and ordinarily take no other coursework. S/U grading.