3. Fundamentals of Environmental Engineering Science. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Quantitative analysis of sources, transformations, and effects of pollutants in water, air, and soil. Topics include drinking water, wastewater, hazardous wastes, radioactive wastes, and atmospheric emissions. P/NP or letter grading.
11. Patterns of Problem Solving. Introduction to creative patterns of problem solving and decision making. Discussion of attitudes and techniques productive in problem solving. Heuristic guides for knowledge acquisition, problem presentation, and problem solution. Tools and concepts for decision making that include technology and human values.
12. Applied Patterns of Problem Solving. Prerequisite: course 11. Application of tools and methods discussed in course 11 to a major problem of a social and technical nature. Experience in team problem solving and decision making.
15. Introduction to Computing for Civil Engineers. Lecture, four hours; laboratory, four hours; outside study, four hours. Introduction to programming using structured FORTRAN. Selected topics in programming, with emphasis on numerical techniques as applied to engineering programs.
106A. Problem Solving in Engineering Economy. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: upper division standing. Problem-solving and decision-making framework for economic analysis of engineering projects. Foundation for understanding corporate financial practices and accounting. Decisions on capital investments and choice of alternatives for engineering applications in all fields. Introduction to use of engineering economics in analysis of inflation and public investments.
108. Introduction to Mechanics of Deformable Solids. Lecture, three hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, seven hours. Prerequisite: Mathematics 33A. Review of equilibrium principles; forces and moments transmitted by slender members. Concepts of stress and strain. Material constitution (stress-strain relations). Yield criteria. Structural applications to trusses, beams, shafts, columns, and pressure vessels.
120. Principles of Soil Mechanics. Lecture, four hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, six hours. Requisite: course 108. Soil as a foundation for structures and as a material of construction. Soil formation, classification, physical and mechanical properties, compaction, bearing capacity, earth pressures, consolidation, and shear strength.
121. Design of Foundations and Earth Structures. Lecture, four hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, six hours. Requisite: course 120. Design methods for foundations and earth structures. Site investigation, including determination of soil properties for design. Design of footings and piles, including stability and settlement calculations. Design of slopes and earth retaining structures.
128L. Soil Mechanics Laboratory. Lecture, one hour; laboratory, eight hours; outside study, three hours. Prerequisite: course 120. Laboratory experiments to be performed by students to obtain soil parameters required for assigned design problems. Soil classification, grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, compaction, expansion index, consolidation, shear strength determination. Design problems, report writing.
130. Elementary Structural Mechanics. Lecture, four hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, six hours. Requisite: course 108. Analysis of stress and strain, phenomenological material behavior, extension, bending, and transverse shear stresses in beams with general cross-sections, shear center, deflection of beams, torsion of beams, warping, column instability and failure.
130F. Experimental Fracture Mechanics. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, six hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisite: course 108 or equivalent. Elementary introduction to fracture mechanics and experimental techniques used in fracture, crack tip stress fields, strain energy release rate, fracture characterization, compliance calibration, surface flaws, fatigue crack growth and fatigue life of structural components, mixed mode fracture, and individual projects.
130L. Experimental Structural Mechanics. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, six hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisite or corequisite: course 130 or equivalent. Lecture and experiments in limit analysis of various aspects of structures. Elastic and plastic analysis of structural elements in multiaxial stress states. Buckling of columns, plates, and shells. Effects of actual boundary conditions on structural performance. Evaluation of structural fasteners.
135A. Elementary Structural Analysis. Lecture, four hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, six hours. Requisites: courses 11, 15, 108. Introduction to structural analysis; classification of structural elements; analysis of statically determinate trusses, beams, and frames; deflections in elementary structures; virtual work; analysis of indeterminate structures using force method; introduction to displacement method and energy concepts.
135B. Intermediate Structural Analysis. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 135A or consent of instructor. Analysis of truss and frame structures using matrix methods; matrix force methods; matrix displacement method; analysis concepts based on theorem of virtual work; moment distribution.
135C. Computer Analysis of Structures. Lecture, four hours; recitation, one hour; outside study, seven hours. Requisites: courses 135A, 135B. Direct stiffness method of structural analysis, with emphasis on its application in computer analysis. Development of approximate analysis techniques for estimation/verification of computer results. Discussion of structural principles, including symmetry/antisymmetry, superposition, Mueller/Breslau principle for influence lines, and deflected shapes. Numerical procedure for linear algebraic equations.
135L. Structural Design and Testing Laboratory. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, four hours; outside study, six hours. Requisites: courses 15, 135A. Limited enrollment. Computer-aided optimum design, construction, instrumentation, and test of a small-scale model structure. Use of computer-based data acquisition and interpretation systems for comparison of experimental and theoretically predicted behavior.
137. Elementary Structural Dynamics. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 135B or consent of instructor. Basic structural dynamics course for civil engineering students. Elastic free, forced vibration, and earthquake response spectra analysis for single and multidegree of freedom systems. Axial, bending, and torsional vibration of beams.
137L. Structural Dynamics Laboratory. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, six hours; outside study, four hours. Requisite or corequisite: course 137. Calibration of instrumentation for dynamic measurements. Determination of natural frequencies and damping factors from free vibrations. Determination of natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping factors from forced vibrations. Dynamic similitude.
M140. Numerical Optimization Methods for Engineering Design. (Same as Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M192F.) Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 15A and 15B or Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 20, Mathematics 32A, 33A. Recommended: Mathematics 115A. Systematic presentation of numerical optimization methods for engineering design; one-dimensional minimization, unconstrained minimization, linearly constrained minimization, general nonlinear problems, approximation concepts, duality. Optimization problem statements. Advantages and limitations of numerical optimization. Applications.
141. Steel Structures. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: course 135B. Introduction to building codes. Fundamentals of load and resistance factor design of steel elements. Design of tension and compression members. Design of beams and beam columns. Simple connection design. Introduction to computer modeling methods.
142. Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures. Lecture, three hours; recitation, three hours; outside study, six hours. Prerequisite: course 135A. Beams, columns, and slabs in reinforced concrete structures. Properties of reinforced concrete materials. Design of beams and slabs for flexure, shear, anchorage of reinforcement, and deflection. Design of columns for axial force, bending, and shear. Ultimate strength design methods.
142L. Reinforced Concrete Structural Laboratory. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, six hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisite: course 142 or consent of instructor. Limited enrollment. Design considerations used for reinforced concrete beams, columns, slabs, and joints evaluated using analysis and experiments. Links between technical theory, building codes, and experimental results.
142X. Reinforced Concrete Construction Laboratory (2 units). Laboratory, four hours; outside study, two hours. Prerequisite: junior standing. Design and fabrication methods used for reinforced concrete structures. Preparation of engineering drawings. Fabrication of near full-scale reinforced concrete elements in the laboratory.
143. Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures. Prerequisite: course 135A. Prestressing and post-tensioning techniques. Properties of concrete and prestressing steels. Loss of prestress. Analysis of sections for flexural stresses and ultimate strength. Design of beams by allowable stress and strength methods. Load balancing design of continuous beams and slabs.
144. Structural Systems Design. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 137, 141, 142. Design course for civil engineering students, with focus on design and performance of complete building structural systems. Uniform Building Code dead, live, wind, and earthquake loads. Design of concrete masonry building. Computer analysis of performance of designed building.
147. Design and Construction of Tall Buildings. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: course 141, consent of instructor. Limited enrollment. Introduction to total design process and professional participants. Systematic presentation of advantages and limitations of different structural forms and systems. Identification of critical design factors influenced by tallness. Foundation systems. Construction site visits, costing, and scheduling.
150. Engineering Hydrology. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 103. Recommended: elementary probability. Precipitation, climatology, stream flow analysis, flood frequency analysis, groundwater, snow hydrology, hydrologic simulation. Possible field trips.
151. Introduction to Water Resources Engineering. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 103. Principles of hydraulics, flow of water in open channels and pressure conduits, reservoirs and dams, hydraulic machinery, hydroelectric power. Introduction to system analysis and design applied to water resources engineering.
153. Introduction to Environmental Engineering Science. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 103. Water, air, and soil pollution: sources, transformations, effects, and processes for removal of contaminants. Water quality, water and wastewater treatment, waste disposal, air pollution, global environmental problems. Field trip.
155. Unit Operations and Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment. Lecture, four hours; recitation, two hours; outside study, six hours. Requisite: course 153. Biological, chemical, and physical methods used to modify water quality. Fundamentals of phenomena governing design of engineered systems for water and wastewater treatment systems. Field trip.
156A. Environmental Chemistry Laboratory. Lecture, four hours; laboratory, four hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisites: course 153 (may be taken concurrently), Chemistry 11A, 11B, or equivalent. Basic laboratory techniques in analytical chemistry related to water and wastewater analysis. Selected experiments include gravimetric analysis, titrimetry spectrophotometry, redox systems, pH and electrical conductivity. Concepts to be applied to analysis of "real" water samples in course 156B.
156B. Water Quality Control Laboratory. Lecture, four hours; laboratory, four hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisites: Chemistry 11A, 11B, or equivalent. Characterization and analysis of typical natural waters and wastewaters for inorganic and organic constituents. Selected experiments include solids, nitrogen species, oxygen demand, chlorine, alkalinity, hardness, and trace analysis. Discussion of relevance of these measurements to water resource engineering.
157A. Design of Water Resource Structures. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: course 151, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 103. Review design of hydraulic structures, pertinent fluid mechanics, and hydraulic theory and applications. Examples of failures and successes of hydraulic structures. Class project and field trip required.
157B. Design of Water Treatment Plants. Lecture, two hours; discussion, two hours; laboratory, four hours; other, four hours. Prerequisite: course 155. Water quality standards and regulations, overview of water treatment plants, design of unit operations, predesign of water treatment plants, hydraulics of plants, process control, and cost estimation.
157C. Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 155. Process design of wastewater treatment plants, including primary and secondary treatment, detailed design review of existing plants, process control, and economics.
160. Environmental Monitoring and Data Analysis. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 11, 15, 153, Mathematics 32A, 33A. Random and multistage sampling of environmental systems, empirical models and curve fitting, estimation of trends and statistical parameters, regression and correlation, factor analysis of multivariate data, kriging, monitoring network design and field experimental design, visual representation and computational mapping of environmental data.
163. Air Pollution Control. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: senior standing or consent of instructor. Sources of air pollutants, their atmospheric transport, dispersion, and photochemical reaction. Design and operational basis for stationary and mobile source control systems. Overview of current regulatory trends.
164. Hazardous Waste Site Investigation and Remediation. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 150, 153, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 103. Overview of hazardous waste types and potential sources. Techniques in measuring and modeling subsurface flow and contaminant transport in the subsurface. Design project illustrating a remedial investigation and feasibility study.
175. Introduction to Elements of Decision Making. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 192D or equivalent mathematics course. Elements of decision making and decision process. Decision and utility theory. Formulation of utility functions and objective functions. Subjective probabilities. Bayesian approach to value of information. Risk sharing and group decisions. Methods of eliciting judgments; bias and scoring rules. Individual and team decision making.
199. Special Studies (2 to 8 units). Prerequisites: senior standing, consent of instructor. Individual investigation of selected topic to be arranged with a faculty member. Enrollment request forms available in department office. Occasional field trips may be arranged. May be repeated for credit.
220. Shear Strength of Soil and Stability of Slopes. Prerequisite: course 120. Detailed study of fundamental concepts of shear strength of soils, strength determining factors, methods of strength measurement. Slope stability and stability analysis techniques using circular and noncircular failure surfaces, effect of side forces, total and effective stress analyses.
221. Foundation Engineering. Prerequisites: courses 120, 220. Principles of foundation design, including theory of consolidation, impeded drainage, stress distribution, settlement analysis, allowable bearing capacity for shallow foundations, piles, and piers; laterally loaded piles.
222. Soil Dynamics. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 120. Stress-strain behavior of soils under cyclic loads. Behavior of soil deposits and earth structures during earthquakes. Liquefaction of saturated cohesionless deposits. Fundamentals of vibrations of machine foundations.
223. Earth Pressures and Earth Retaining Structures. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 120. Basic concepts of theory of earth pressures behind retaining structures, with special application to design of retaining walls, bulkheads, and excavation bracing; effects of flexibility of bulkheads, creep in soils, and construction techniques.
228L. Advanced Soil Mechanics Laboratory. Lecture, one hour; laboratory, six hours; outside study, five hours. Requisites: courses 120, 121, 220. Lectures and laboratory studies of advanced aspects of soil properties and their application to design. Permeability, consolidation, strength testing, pore water pressure measurements, advanced instrumentation and measurement techniques. Preparation of engineering reports. S/U or letter grading.
229. Seminar: Advanced Topics in Soil Mechanics. Seminar, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Topics may vary each term to cover subjects such as earth dam design, seepage through soils, consolidation, constitutive laws, finite difference and finite element methods with special application in soil mechanics, theories of elasticity and plasticity, and case histories.
M230. Elasticity. (Same as Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M256B.) Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisite: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 256A. Equations of linear elasticity; uniqueness of solution; Betti/Rayleigh reciprocity; Saint-Venant's principle; simple problems involving spheres and cylinders; special techniques for plane problems. Airy's stress function, complex variable method, transform method; three-dimensional problems, torsion, entire space and half-space problems; boundary integral equations.
231. Inelastic Effects in Structures and Materials. Prerequisite: course 130 or equivalent or consent of instructor. Analogy between inelastic strain and applied force in stress analysis. Mathematical and physical theories of plasticity and creep and their basic assumptions. Static and dynamic analysis of inelastic beams, columns, frames, and plates. Localized plastic deformation in materials.
232. Theory of Plates and Shells. Requisite: course 130 or Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 156B. Small and large deformation theories of thin plates; energy methods; free vibrations; membrane theory of shells; axisymmetric deformations of cylindrical and spherical shells, including bending.
233. Mechanics of Composite Material Structures. Lecture, four hours; ouside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses M230 and 232, or consent of instructor. Elastic, anisotropic stress-strain-temperature relations. Analysis of prismatic beams by three-dimensional elasticity. Analysis of laminated anisotropic plates and shells based on classical and first-order shear deformation theories. Elastodynamic behavior of laminated plates and cylinders.
234. Advanced Topics in Structural Mechanics. Prerequisites: graduate standing in engineering, consent of instructor. Current topics in composite materials, computational methods, finite element analysis, structural synthesis, nonlinear mechanics, and structural mechanics in general. Topics may vary from term to term.
235A. Advanced Structural Analysis. Lecture, four hours; ouside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 135A. Recommended: course 135B. Review of matrix force and displacement methods of structural analysis; virtual work theorem, virtual forces, and displacements; theorems on stationary value of total and complementary potential energy, minimum total potential energy, Maxwell/Betti theorems, effects of approximations, introduction to finite element analysis.
235B. Finite Element Analysis of Structures. Prerequisites: courses 130 and 235A, or consent of instructor. Direct energy formulations for deformable systems; solution methods for linear equations; analysis of structural systems with one-dimensional elements; introduction to variational calculus; discrete element displacement, force, and mixed methods for membrane, plate, shell structures; instability effects.
235C. Nonlinear Structural Analysis. Prerequisite: course 235B or consent of instructor. Classification of nonlinear effects; material nonlinearities; conservative, nonconservative material behavior; geometric nonlinearities, Lagrangian, Eulerian description of motion; finite element methods in geometrically nonlinear problems; postbuckling behavior of structures; solution of nonlinear equations; incremental, iterative, programming methods.
236. Stability of Structures I. Prerequisite: course 130 or 135B or equivalent. Elastic buckling of bars. Different approaches to stability problems. Inelastic buckling of columns and beam columns. Columns and beam columns with linear, nonlinear creep. Combined torsional and flexural buckling of columns. Buckling of plates.
M237A. Dynamics of Structures. (Same as Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M269A.) Requisite: course 137. Principles of dynamics. Determination of normal modes and frequencies by differential and integral equation solutions. Transient and steady state response. Emphasis on derivation and solution of governing equations using matrix formulation.
M239. Plasticity. (Same as Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M256C.) Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 256A, M256B. Classical rate-independent plasticity theory, yield functions, flow rules and thermodynamics. Classical rate-dependent viscoplasticity, Perzyna and Duvant/Lions types of viscoplasticity. Thermoplasticity and creep. Return mapping algorithms for plasticity and viscoplasticity. Finite element implementations.
M240. Optimum Structural Design. (Same as Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering M267A.) Requisite: course 235A or Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 261A. Synthesis of structural systems; analysis and design as optimization problems; techniques for synthesis and optimization; application to aerospace and civil structures.
241. Advanced Steel Structures. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 137, 141, 235A. Performance characterization of steel structures for static and earthquake loads. Behavior state analysis and building code provisions for special moment resisting, braced, and eccentric braced frames. Composite steel-concrete structures.
242. Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 142. Design of building and other structural systems for vertical and lateral loads. Earthquake forces. Ductility in elements and systems. Columns: secondary effects and biaxial bending. Slabs: code and analysis methods. Footings, shear walls, diaphragms, chords, and collectors. Detailing for ductile behavior. Retrofitting.
244. Structural Loads and Safety for Civil Structures. Prerequisite: course 141 or 142 or 143 or 144. Modeling of uncertainties in structural loads and structural mechanics; structural safety analysis; and calculation of capacity reduction factors.
245. Earthquake Ground Motion. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 137. Methods for determination of site ground motion. Seismology and seismicity. Plate tectonics. Source, path, and site effects, waveforms associated with earthquakes. Use of Fourier and response spectra. Attenuation methods for prediction of site response. Typical strong ground motion records.
246. Structural Response to Ground Motions. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 137, 141, 142, 235A. Spectral analysis of ground motions: response, time, and Fourier spectra. Response of structures to ground motions due to earthquakes. Computational methods to evaluate structural response. Response analysis, including evaluation of contemporary design standards. Limitations due to idealizations.
247. Advanced Structural Dynamics for Civil Engineering. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Requisites: courses 137, 235A, 235B, M237A or 246. Dynamic response of linear structures with proportional and nonproportional damping using modal superposition methods. Dynamic response of inelastic systems using numerical integration. Introduction to base isolation and active structural control. Earthquake engineering applications.
249. Selected Topics in Structural Engineering and Mechanics (2 units). Lecture, two hours; outside study, six hours. Review of recent research and developments in structural engineering and mechanics. Structural analysis, finite elements, structural stability, dynamics of structures, structural design, earthquake engineering, ground motion, elasticity, plasticity, structural mechanics, mechanics of composites, and constitutive modeling. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.
250A. Surface Water Hydrology. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 150 or consent of instructor. In-depth study of surface water components of hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic mass balance analysis, hydrologic error analysis using systems investigation and physical hydrology. Stochastic hydrology: time-series analysis, Markovian streamflow generating models, and generation of multivariate synthetic streamflows. Applications.
250B. Groundwater Hydrology. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 150 or consent of instructor. Theory of movement and occurrence of water in subterranean aquifers. Steady flow in confined and unconfined aquifers. Mechanics of wells; steady and unsteady radial flows in confined and unconfined aquifers. Theory of leaky aquifers. Parameter estimation. Seawater intrusion. Numerical methods. Applications.
250C. Mathematical Modeling of Contaminant Transport in Groundwater. Lecture, four hours; laboratory, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses 250B and 253, or consent of instructor. Phenomena and mechanisms of hydrodynamic dispersion, governing equations of mass transport in porous media, various analytical and numerical solutions, determination of dispersion parameters by laboratory and field experiments, coupled and multiphase pollution problems, computer programs and applications.
251. Water Resources Systems Engineering. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 151. Application of mathematical programming techniques to water resources systems. Topics include reservoir management and operation; optimal timing, sequencing and sizing of water resources projects; and multiobjective planning and conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater. Emphasis on management of water quantity.
252. Engineering Economic Analysis of Water and Environmental Planning. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: course 106A, one or more courses from Economics 1, 2, 11, 100, and 101, or consent of instructor. Economic theory and applications in analysis and management of water and environmental problems; application of price theory to water resource management and renewable resources; benefit-cost analysis with applications to water resources and environmental planning.
253. Mathematical Models for Water Quality Management. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 153. Development of mathematical models for simulating environmental engineering problems. Emphasis on numerical techniques to solve nonlinear partial differential equations and their application to environmental engineering problems.
254A. Aquatic Chemistry. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: course 155 or consent of instructor, Chemistry 11B, Mathematics 33B. Chemistry of natural waters and wastewaters, including acid/base, complexation, precipitation/dissolution, oxidation/reduction, and adsorption reactions. Emphasis on prediction of equilibrium concentrations of dissolved constituents of natural waters. Introduction to kinetics of chemical reactions in aqueous solutions.
254B. Chemical Kinetics and Process Dynamics in Aquatic Systems. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 254A. Principles of chemical kinetics with specific applications to air/water/soil environments. Topics include fundamentals, data analysis, reaction mechanisms, transport considerations, estimation of reaction rates under environmental conditions, current research on chemical kinetics in natural and engineered systems.
254C. Aquatic Surface Chemistry. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 254A. Principles of surface chemistry as applied to geochemistry of natural waters, soils, and sediments and to water and wastewater technology; adsorption and desorption; precipitation and dissolution; surface catalysis.
255A. Physical and Chemical Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses 155 and 254A, or consent of instructor. Review of momentum and mass transfer, chemical reaction engineering, coagulation and flocculation, granular filtrations, sedimentation, carbon adsorption, gas transfer, disinfection, oxidation, and membrane processes.
255B. Biological Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses 254A and 255A, or consent of instructor. Fundamentals of environmental engineering microbiology; kinetics of microbial growth and biological oxidation; applications for activated sludge, gas transfer, fixed-film processes, aerobic and anaerobic digestion, sludge disposal, and biological nutrient removal.
258A. Membrane Separations in Aquatic Systems. Prerequisite: course 254A. Applications of membrane separations to desalination, water reclamation, brine disposal, and ultrapure water systems. Discussion of reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis, and ion exchange technologies from both practical and theoretical standpoints.
259A. Selected Topics in Environmental Engineering (2 units). Lecture, two hours; outside study, four hours. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Review of recent research and developments in environmental engineering. Water and wastewater treatment systems, nonpoint pollution, multimedia impacts. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.
259B. Selected Topics in Water Resources (2 to 4 units). Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Review of recent research and developments in water resources. Water supply and hydrology, global climate change, economic planning, optimization of water resources development. May be taken for a maximum of four units. S/U or letter grading.
260. Advanced Topics in Hydrology and Water Resources. Lecture, four hours; other, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses 250A, 250B, and 251, or consent of instructor. Current research topics in inverse problem of parameter estimation, experimental design, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, multiobjective water resources planning, and optimization of water resource systems. Topic may vary from term to term.
261. Colloidal Phenomena in Aquatic Systems. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisites: courses 254A and 255A, or consent of instructor. Colloidal interactions, colloidal stability, colloidal hydrodynamics, surface chemistry, adsorption of pollutants on colloidal surfaces, transport of colloids in porous media, coagulation, and particle deposition. Consideration of applications to colloidal processes in aquatic environments.
M262A. Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry. (Same as Atmospheric Sciences M203A.) Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite for undergraduates: Chemistry 11C. Principles of chemical kinetics, thermochemistry, spectroscopy, and photochemistry; chemical composition and history of Earth's atmosphere; biogeochemical cycles of key atmospheric constituents; basic photochemistry of troposphere and stratosphere, upper atmosphere chemical processes; air pollution; chemistry and climate.
M262B. Atmospheric Diffusion and Air Pollution. (Same as Atmospheric Sciences M224B.) Lecture, three hours. Nature and sources of atmospheric pollution; diffusion from point, line, and area sources; pollution dispersion in urban complexes; meteorological factors and air pollution potential; meteorological aspects of air pollution. S/U grading for majors with consent of instructor after successful completion of written and oral comprehensive examination and for nonmajors at discretion of major department.
263. Physics of Environmental Transport. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Designed for graduate students. Transport processes in surface water, groundwater, and atmosphere. Emphasis on exchanges across phase boundaries: sediment/water interface; air/water gas exchange; particles, droplets, and bubbles; small-scale dispersion and mixing; effect of reactions on transport; linkages between physical, chemical, and biological processes.
265A. Mass Transfer in Environmental Systems. (Formerly numbered 265.) Lecture, four hours; computer applications, two hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: graduate standing in civil engineering or consent of instructor. Phase equilibrium concepts; mass transfer in laminar and turbulent flow; mass transfer to particles and at air/water interface; molecular diffusion and diffusion in porous solids; transport in porous media.
265B. Contaminant Transport in Soils and Groundwater. Lecture, four hours; computer applications, two hours; outside study, six hours. Prerequisites: courses 250B, and 265A or consent of instructor. Principles of mass transfer as they apply in soil and groundwater, independent estimation of transport model parameters; remediating hazardous waste sites.
275. Multiattribute Decision Making with Conflicting Objectives. Lecture, four hours; outside study, eight hours. Prerequisite: course 175. Structuring of models for multiattribute decision problems. Theory of quantifying preferences over multiple objectives. Multiattribute utility theory. Analytic hierarchy process. Structuring of models for conditional strategies under conflict situations. Theory of metagames and metarationality.
276. Perspectives of Systems Representation. Prerequisite: course 275 or consent of instructor. Mathematical and conceptual models used in analysis and synthesis of engineering. Sociotechnical systems. Mathematical representations of interpretative models. Decomposition using tools of graph theory and information theory. Guides to choice of models. Interaction of human and computer in the modeling process.
296. Advanced Topics in Civil Engineering (2 to 4 units). Discussion of current research and literature in research specialty of faculty member teaching course. S/U grading.
297. Seminar: Current Topics in Civil Engineering (2 to 4 units). Lectures, discussions, and student presentations and projects in areas of current interest in civil engineering. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.
298. Seminar: Engineering (2 to 4 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Seminars may be organized in advanced technical fields. If appropriate, field trips may be arranged. May be repeated with topic change.
375. Teaching Apprentice Practicum (1 to 4 units). Preparation: apprentice personnel employment as a teaching assistant, associate, or fellow. Teaching apprenticeship under active guidance and supervision of a regular faculty member responsible for curriculum and instruction at the University. May be repeated for credit. S/U grading.
495. Teaching Assistant Training Seminar (2 units). Prerequisite: appointment as teaching assistant in Civil and Environmental Engineering Department. Seminar on communication of civil engineering principles, concepts, and methods; teaching assistant preparation, organization, and presentation of material, including use of visual aids; grading, advising, and rapport with students. S/U grading.
596. Directed Individual or Tutorial Studies (2 to 8 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Petition forms to request enrollment may be obtained from assistant dean, Graduate Studies. Supervised investigation of advanced technical problems. S/U grading.
597A. Preparation for M.S. Comprehensive Examination (2 to 12 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Reading and preparation for M.S. comprehensive examination. S/U grading.
597B. Preparation for Ph.D. Preliminary Examinations (2 to 16 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. S/U grading.
597C. Preparation for Ph.D. Oral Qualifying Examination (2 to 16 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Preparation for oral qualifying examination, including preliminary research on dissertation. S/U grading.
598. Research for and Preparation of M.S. Thesis (2 to 12 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Supervised independent research for M.S. candidates, including thesis prospectus. S/U grading.
599. Research for and Preparation of Ph.D. Dissertation (2 to 16 units). Prerequisites: graduate standing in civil engineering, consent of instructor. Usually taken after student has been advanced to candidacy. S/U grading.